The Sarbanes Oxley ( Sox ) Act Of 2002 - 1617 Words

The focus of this week’s assignment is the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002. A brief historical summary of SOX will be presented, including the events leading up to its passage. The key ethical components of SOX will be identified and explained. The social responsibility implications of the mandatory publication of corporate ethics will be assessed. One of the main criticisms of SOX has been its implementation costs, and this specific criticism will be addressed in regards to smaller organizations. Finally, potential improvements to the SOX legislation will be explored, based on existing research in this area. Brief History of SOX Enactment The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was created by Congress in response to financial scandals. There were several incidents which contributed to the need for legislature such as SOX. For purposes of brevity, the focus here will be on two of the largest financial scandals leading up to the passage of SOX, which are of those of Enron and WorldCom. In October 2001, Enron announced it was reducing after-tax net income by approximately $500 million shareholders’ equity by $1.2 billion. It also announced that it was restating net income for the years’ 1997-2001. In November 2001, Enron recognized in a federal filing that it overstated earnings by nearly $600 million since 1997. Within a month, they declared bankruptcy. It was discovered that many financial reporting issues were poorly disclosed or not disclosed at all. There were majorShow MoreRelatedThe Sarbanes Oxley ( Sox ) Act Of 2002926 Words   |  4 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002 was legislated by Congress to restore reliability of financial statements with the objectives to raise standards of corporate accountability, to not only improve detection, but to also prevent fraud and abuse (Terando Kurtenbach, 2009). Additionally, SOX was the response to general failure of business ethics such as the propagation of abusive tax shelters and great er aggressive tax avoidance strategies (Raabe, Whittenburg, Sanders, Sawyers, 2015). Tax AdvantagesRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 ( Sox )858 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily business could have implemented to refrain the perpetrators from fraudulent incidents, protect organizational assets and the organization’s going concern. Corporate fraud was the cornerstone for the strict implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). SOX implements many compliance regulations, but one of its regulations, specifically Section 404, relates to an organization’s internal control procedures with the purpose of protecting organizational assets and investors’ interest. ConsequentlyRead MoreSarbanes Oxley Act Paper934 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: SARBANES OXLEY ACT Sarbanes Oxley Act Introduction Sarbanes Oxley Act is focused towards identifying accounting frauds in different public companies. This paper discusses about various reasons for the introduction of Sarbanes Oxley Act and causes that has been overlooked. Causes for Sarbanes-Oxley Act Sarbanes Oxley Act is US federal law, which is established in order to set out the some standards for accounting firms, public company boards and managementRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act Of 2002 Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesof Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This Act was placed into law to protect the consumer against fraudulent activity by organizations. This paper will provide a brief history of the law and discuss some of the ethical components and social implications on corporations. This research will provide information on how the Sarbanes-Oxley Act affects smaller organizations and how it encourages employees to inform of wrong doings. Brief Synopsis of Sarbanes-Oxley The U.S. Congress passed the Sarbanes-OxleyRead MoreEssay on The Sarbanes-Oxley Act852 Words   |  4 Pagestoday that are using the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) legislation that helps to safeguard their company and their financial records. The Sarbanes-Oxley act began in 2002 and the purpose behind this act was to protect organizations, it had a major impact on accounting and record keeping. Because of Enron, they passed this act for publicly-traded corporations to better implement control to their enterprise data. â€Å"Named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who also set a number ofRead MoreThe Implications of the Sarbanes Oxley Act on the Accounting Profession755 Words   |  4 PagesThe Implications of the Sarbanes Oxley Act on the Accounting Profession Abstract On July 30, 2002, the Sarbanes Oxley Act (also known as SOX) was signed into law by President George W. Bush. The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 is a federal law that set new or improved standards for all U.S. public company boards, management and public accounting firms. Covered in the eleven titles are additional corporate board responsibilities, auditing requirements and criminal penalties. ThisRead MoreThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 20021668 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 The Act Impact ACC 410, Jackie Lewis, Ph.D. Abstract The Sarbanes-Oxley Act, officially named the â€Å"Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act of 2002†, is recognized to be the most noteworthy U.S. federal disclosure and corporate governance legislation since the Securities Act of1933 (the Securities Act) and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act). Furthermore, the provisions of the Act areRead MoreThe Sarbanes Oxley Act ( Sox ) For A Company1461 Words   |  6 Pagesto try to describe the cost and benefits of implementing the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX) for a company. I will then move on to describe what it is, how to go about it, and what a company may need to properly implement it. The Sarbanes Oxley Act was approved and activated in 2002 to protect investors and to renew confidence in American companies from what happened with the fall of companies like Enron, HealthSouth, and WorldCom. This act was trusted to fix or find corruption in the companies and makeRead MoreSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002985 Words   |  4 Pages Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Week # 2 Individual Assignment â€Æ' Sox Key Main Aspects for a Regulatory Environment Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed in 2002 by former president George Bush. Essentially to combat the Enron crisis. The Sox Act basically has regulatory control and creates an enviroment that is looking out for the public. Ideally this regulatory environment protects the public from fraud within corporations. Understanding, that while having this regulatoryRead MoreThe Disadvantages of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002712 Words   |  3 PagesSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Introduction The many financial scandals of the late 1990s and the early 21rst century served as the catalyst for U.S. lawmakers writing and ratifying the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). Originally written to avert financial scandals including Enron, Tyco and others, SOX quickly became an impediment to the growth of smaller firms especially, who did not have the staff available to meet complex, often ill-defined requirements (Griffin, 2007). The intent of this analysis

The Importance of Determining a Students Learning Style...

What does learning style mean in general? Learning style is simply the different ways a person perceives and process information. Knowing your learning style helps you to understand why you look at certain things the way you do. It also helps you to figure out when and how to use your learning style effectively as well as incorporating other learning styles as well. The way people perceive information typically range from a concrete experience to an abstract experience. People who perceive concrete information are more hands on versus the people who perceive abstract information who are more of the people who take time to analyze and break down the situation. The way people process information by active experiment prefer to jump in and†¦show more content†¦It also helps to write down material that has been taught orally on paper because it is easier for me to process what I have heard well if I see it on paper. I benefit from different handouts as well as illustrations becau se it helps me to actually see a clear picture. I prefer to read alone, take notes and do hands-on activities in class to help me better understand the material. I had discovered some learning tips that have been helpful to increase my learning experience in other classes as well. In math, I find it helpful to take a lot of notes as well as write down many examples. This helps me because I can take a problem and find an example similar to the problem and figure out how to work it out because I have something guiding me in the right direction. I also find that pictures can be helpful as well because now I have a visual idea of how to better work a problem. In reading I find it easier to record my lectures. I have to hear the topic over and over again as see it to get a clear understanding of what it is asking me to do. Also pictures are very helpful as well because I am able to see exactly what is going on. Since I have been in college I’ve had to change some of my personal st udy habits to maintain good grades in school. I’ve learned to actually schedule study time instead of just picking a random time to study. I find this helpful because I get moreShow MoreRelatedMulticultural Education : Issues And Perspectives1422 Words   |  6 Pagesof a student. Researchers from various studies have determined that students vary in learning performance and academic achievement. One factor that was determined to affect academic achievement was ethnicity. The question we will be trying to answer is: Is a Student’s Ethnicity the only factor to affect success or failure in school? We will look at research from articles that will provide data on a student’s academic performance determined through ethnicity and other factors. These other factorsRead MoreGesture and Its Role in Classroom Communication1661 Words   |  7 Pagesits role in classroom communication: an issue for the personalized learning agenda, Wall (2006) argues that even though there has been much research regarding interpersonal communication in the classroom, it has primarily focused on verbal interactions between students and teachers. He contends that further research is needed in the area of nonverbal communication, specifically the use of gestures. For true per sonalized learning to be effective, the teacher must be able to assess whether or not eachRead MoreLearning Styles Of Students Are Experienced Nurses For A Leadership Course1008 Words   |  5 PagesLearning is a process of retention of knowledge either by repetition, recitation, and demonstration. There are multiple theories related with the learning process. â€Å"Learning theories explain the complex nature of the interaction of students with their faculty, the learning environment and the subject matter† (Billings Halstead, 2016, p. 211). Every student has different ways that they learn things. Some students are auditory learners while others will be visual and tactile learners. It is the primeRead MoreMy I Decided For A Teacher891 Words   |  4 Pagesstudents based on their ability to learn. When you understand that this is what teaching is about, you try practices that will make your instruction stronger. Differentiation is one way to make sure that all learners gai n the education they deserve. Learning Plan When planning any lesson, I always consult the standards to determine what students must know and be able to do. The standard for this lesson states, â€Å"Students analyze, make inferences and draw conclusions about persuasive text and provideRead MoreHow Mathematics Has Changed My Life934 Words   |  4 PagesMaths is ubiquitous in our lives, but depending on the learning received as a child it could inspire or frighten. If a child has a negative experience in mathematics, that experience has the ability to affect his/her attitude toward mathematics as an adult. Solso (2009) explains that math has the ability to confuse, frighten, and frustrate learners of all ages; Math also has the ability to inspire, encourage and achieve. Almost all daily activities include some form of mathematical procedure, whetherRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Its Placebo Effect Essay1458 Words   |  6 Pagesmay not otherwise have clothing (Jenny Scott BBC News Online) Even today most of the schools req uiring uniforms are located in low-income neighborhoods. The uses of uniforms in today’s public schools are a placebo under the guise to provide a safe learning environment. This is done so by eliminating the competition of dress and creating a feeling of equalization and sense of security among students. There are many school officials who agree with the use of uniforms stating that it greatly reducesRead MoreMy Professional Responsibility Of Being A Teacher1445 Words   |  6 Pagesfor change and instil a love of learning into all of my students. I will endeavour to constantly be committed to my professional responsibility of being a teacher, combining my knowledge, skills and passion to create lifelong learners and impact positively on students’ lives. As a teacher, I aim to ensure I teach inclusively, believe in my students’ ability to learn and ensure each student’s learning needs are my main focus. I will ensure I influence the learning environment by being prepared,Read MoreA Stable Home Background With Parents Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesthe most important factors that is necessary for a child’s academic success. Parents are perhaps the biggest influences on a child or student’s life. When it comes to education, parents are able to positively and negatively encourage a child in school. Parents who positively support their children generally will have students who enjoy and understand the importance of school. Children who had negative parental influence generally become students who are less likely to appreciate school and more likelyRead MoreUsing Simulated Patients And The Health Care Professionals Are Breaking Bad News1358 Words   |  6 Pagesthe patient Breaking bad news using simulated patients SP in undergraduate medical curricula: The traditional way of teaching in medical education â€Å"see one, do one, teach one â€Å"is proven to be limited. Role modelling and imitation are emphasised, learning is clinically oriented, and the feedback is minimal. The biggest disadvantage is that the learners are faced with situations in the future which they find themselves to be underprepared for .(Jacques et al. 2011) Nature of the problem: One of theRead MoreThe Perspectives Of Albert Banduras Social Learning Theory1237 Words   |  5 PagesBandura leans towards the behaviourist learning theories when discussing the Social Learning Theory, he adds that learning occurs through observation and the observing of ‘models’, these can be parents, teachers, mentors or even characters on a TV show (McLeod, 2016). J L (2015) however, disagrees and views this learning theory as a bridge between behaviourist and cognitive learning due to its inclusion of motivation, memory and attention. This style of learning was depicted clearly through the 1961

Othello As He Saw Himself Essay Example For Students

Othello As He Saw Himself Essay Shakespeares Othello includes the memorable tragedy of a husbands jealousy, a wifes innocence, and mans ability to manipulate any situation. In the play Othello, Othello sees the person that he is in many different ways. For example, in Act I, Othello states that he is rude in speech and little blessed with the soft phrase of peace (scene3.83-84). This indicates that he knows his limitations and he has accepted what he does for what he is. Also, Othello is strong and valiant, but also compassionate as shown in lines 169-170: She loves me for the dangers I had passes, and I loved her that she did pity them (act 1, scene 3). Othello shows that he can forgive and move on when he said Id whistle her off and let her down the wind to prey at fortune (act 3 scene 3 lines 278-279). In writing this play, this line parallels to the action of a hawk that is released downwind so that it will not return. Similarly, Othello is saying that he would let go of Desdemona forever. This shows that he is humble and can admit defeat. Othello views himself in a very low position when he states: O, now, forever farewell the tranquil mind! Farewell content! (act 3 scene 3 lines 363-364). Also, this line suggests that he has resolved to do something and that his mind is committed to it. This shows that he is a determined man with very much self-motivation. Finally, Othello states: Of one whose hand, like the base Indian, threw a pearl away richer than all his tribe (act 5 scene 2 lines 356-358). This line compares Othello to an ignorant savage who could not recognize value. In saying this line, Othello sees the foolish man within himself in throwing away the pearl, Desdemona.

Movie The Power of One free essay sample

Available has made the concert scene memorable from the film The Power of One which was set in apartheid time in Africa by using many visual and verbal techniques such as lighting, music and dialog that support all the suggestions that the scene makes. These techniques make this scene and film memorable. During the concert scene Peaky conducted a group of non-white African prisoners to sing for the commandant. Peaky was proven to be smart and determined in this cane because he translated the guards speech to the prisoners incorrectly to encourage the tribes to unite.The Guard told Peaky to translate Sorriest prisoners in all of Africa! but Peaky translate it to Let us be one under the African Sky. The prisoners sang a song about the guards they run this way, they run that way, they are afraid, they are cowards.. In Zulu. Serpent Foreman cornered Pete and made him tell what the words to the song meant and then beat him to death because he was aggravated about what the prisoners were singing. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie: The Power of One or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Peaky got to Pete in time for him to say his last words: All the tribes as one, thanks to you rainmaker.A visual technique which made the concert scene memorable was lighting. The dark dim lighting suggested that the conditions of the prison were harsh. An example of this is when Agile Pete is beaten to death by Sergeant Foreman, the lighting was harsh, artificial and spot lighten which made Foreman look evil. The lighting gives the audience clues about the dark emotions experienced by Agile Pete in this scene. Another technique used in this film is the music during this scene.There were only two types of music, the piano and the background singing of the African prisoners which suggest a lot of things, for example the prisoners singing from different tribes could suggest co-operation and equality between tribes and the singing in Zulu meant that the commandant and Sergeant and guards could not understand what the tribes were singing about the guards being cowards and afraid. Alley Loyola moon! is what one of the prisoners was shouting out.Peaky in this scene translated the commandants speech incorrectly which gave the prisoners encouragement to bring honor to their tribe. The dialog also made this scene memorable in this film. The dialog was very moving and powerful. The speeches were moving because the verbal and visuals at each part of the scene were supporting each other to create something beautiful even though Agile Pete was dieing in Passkeys arms saying Rainmaker the over narration when Agile dies is also moving For a brief moment he was a freeman.This suggest that Pete had a hard life before if he was a freeman Just before he died. The actual English speech of the commandant suggest that he hated all black people and thought that whites are superior which also suggest racism. I believe that this film The Power of One is a bold, strong and moving film and many memorable and important scenes like the concert scene. The Director John G. Available has attempted to recreate what apartheid was like in Africa and I strongly believe that this film has captured that image. Movie The Power of One free essay sample The Guard told Peaky to translate Sorriest prisoners In all of Africa! but Peaky translate It to Let us be one under the African Sky. The prisoners sang a song about the guards they run this way, they run that way, they are afraid, they are cowards.. In Zulu. Sergeant Foreman cornered Pete and made him tell what the words to the song meant and then beat him to death because he as aggravated about what the prisoners were singing. Peaky got to Pete in time for him to say his last words: All the tribes as one, thanks to you rainmaker.A visual technique which made the concert scene memorable was lighting. The dark dim lighting suggested that the conditions of the prison were harsh. An example of this Is when Ceil Pete Is beaten to death by Sergeant Foreman, the lighting was harsh, artificial and spot lighten which made Foreman look evil. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie: The Power of One or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The lighting gives the audience clues about the dark emotions experienced by Ceil Pete in this scene. Another technique used in this film is the music during this scene.There were only two types of music, the piano and the background singing of the African prisoners which suggest a lot of things. For example the prisoners singing from deferent tribes could suggest co-operation and equality between tribes and the singing in Zulu meant that the commandant and Sergeant and guards could not understand what the tribes were singing about the guards being cowards and afraid. Alley Loyola moll is what one of the prisoners was shouting out.Peaky in this scene translated the commandants speech incorrectly which gave the prisoners encouragement to bring honor to their tribe. The dialog also made this scene memorable in this film. The dialog was very moving and powerful The speeches were moving because the verbal and visuals at each part of the scene were supporting each other to create something beautiful even though Ceil Pete was dieing in Passkeys arms saying . .. Rainmaker the over narration hen Gel dies is also moving _for a brief moment he was a freeman.This suggest that Pete had a hard life before if he was a freeman Just before he died. The actual English speech of the commandant suggest that he hated all black people and toy 2 I believe that this film The Power of One is a bold, strong and moving film and many memorable and important scenes like the concert scene. The Director John G. Available has attempted to recreate what apartheid was like in Africa and I strongly believe that this film has captured that image.

Achilles in the iliad essays

Achilles in the iliad essays From the very beginning of The Iliad, the character Achilles becomes one of the main characters of the story. His actions have enormous effects upon how the plot unfolds. Starting with the fight with Agamemnon and his withdrawal from the battle, to the death of Patroclus, and finally to the slaying of Hector, the wrath of Achilles decided the fate of many Greek and Trojan warriors. Early in the Iliad Achilles made his decision not to fight for Agamemnon and he held true for almost the entire story. Even when his Greek comrades were taking heavy losses at the hand of the Trojans Achilles felt no remorse. Achilles brought up the fact that all the Greeks are at Troy to fight over the pride and honor of Agamemnons brother and is brave enough to stand up to the king and call him greedy and selfish. His lack of hatred towards the Trojans as a people is seen in his statements about how the people of Troy had never wronged him prior to the conflict. At the time of the falling out, Achilles is not concerned for the fate of the Greeks, but for himself and his grudge with Agamemnon. Such is shown when he tells Agamemnon: My honors never equal yours, whenever we sack some wealthy Trojan stronghold-my arms bear the brunt of the raw, savage fighting, true, but when it comes to dividing up the plunder the lions share is yours, and back I go. Agamemnon worried that the Greeks would be defeated at their ships, so he sent an envoy bearing gifts to persuade Achilles to rejoin the fight. Once again Achilles refused to fight even with his fatherly figure Phoenix, the wise Odysseus, and the great Ajax begging him to return. Even Achilles dear friend Patroclus feels remorse for the Greeks plight against the Trojans and decides to fight with them. Achilles pride forced the other heroes to beg for his help in the war. Ironically it takes the death of Patroclus at the hands of Hector to convince Ach ...

Países para obtener las visas H-2A y H-2B en 2019

Paà ­ses para obtener las visas H-2A y H-2B en 2019 Las visas H-2A y H-2B permiten a trabajadores extranjeros trabajar temporalmente en EE.UU. Para sacarlas es requisito indispensable ser ciudadano de determinados paà ­ses. Esta es la lista que aplica en 2019. Paà ­ses que permiten sacar las visas H-2a y H-2b A partir del 18 de enero de 2019, segà ºn ha publicado el Registro Federal de los Estados Unidos, y por validez de un aà ±o, los ciudadanos de 84 paà ­ses pueden beneficiarse de las visas H-2A que autorizan a trabajar temporalmente en labores agrà ­colas en EE.UU. Sin embargo, solamente los nacionales de 81 paà ­ses pueden solicitar la visa H-2B, para desempeà ±ar labores temporales no agrà ­colas. En el listado que sigue a continuacià ³n se listan los paà ­ses autorizados, con especificacià ³n de los restringidos solamente a la visa H-2A. AlemaniaAndorraArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBarbadosBà ©lgicaBrasilBruneiBulgariaCanadChileColombiaCorea del SurCosta RicaCroaciaDinamarcaEcuadorEl SalvadorEslovaquiaEsloveniaEspaà ±aEstoniaFijiFinlandiaFranciaGranadaGreciaGuatemalaHolandaHondurasHungrà ­aIrlandaIsla Salomà ³nIslandiaIsraelItaliaJamaicaJapà ³nKiribatiLetoniaLichtensteinLituaniaLuxemburgoMacedoniaMadagascarMaltaMà ©xicoMoldavia (solamente visa H-2A)Mà ³nacoMongoliaMontenegroMozambiqueNauruNicaraguaNoruegaNueva ZelandaPanamPapà ºa Nueva GuineaParaguay (solamente visa H-2A)Perà ºPoloniaPortugalReino UnidoRepà ºblica ChecaRepà ºblica Dominicana (solamente visa H-2A)Rumanà ­aSamoaSan MarinoSerbiaSingaporeSt. Vincent y GranadinaSudfricaSueciaSuizaTailandiaTaiwnTimorTogoTurquà ­aTuvaluUcraniaUruguayVanuatu Entre las novedades de este aà ±o destacan, por un lado, la inclusià ³n de Paraguay para las visas H-2A y, por otro, la exclusià ³n de Repà ºblica Dominicana del listado de paà ­ses con visas H-2B. La inclusià ³n de Paraguay fue justificada por el Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) por el bajo porcentaje de paraguayos con visa que exceden el tiempo mximo autorizado de estancia en Estados Unidos y por la colaboracià ³n del gobierno paraguayo en los casos de deportaciones o expulsiones de sus nacionales. Por el contrario, se ha excluido a Repà ºblica Dominicana de las visas H-2B por el alto porcentaje –superior al 30 por ciento–de nacionales con esa visa que se quedaban en EE.UU. ms tiempo del autorizado. Las personas que por su nacionalidad estn excluidas de aplicar para estas visas pueden estar interesadas en considerar trabajar en un crucero, cuyas visas –C1/D– no excluyen a ningà ºn paà ­s. Existen agencias con buena reputacià ³n especializadas en emplear trabajadores extranjeros para cruceros y los salarios son superiores al salario mà ­nimo en EE.UU. Informacià ³n bsica sobre las visas H-2A y H-2B Las dos visas son muy parecidas y brindan la posibilidad de trabajar temporalmente en Estados Unidos, la H-2A en agricultura y la H-2B en trabajos no agrà ­colas como pueden ser, por ejemplo, hoteles, ferias ambulantes conocidas como Carnivals o resorts. Para ambas visas es requisito imprescindible que un empleador estadounidense o una agencia intermediaria que trabaja con las empresas americanas inicien la tramitacià ³n ya que deben obtener una certificacià ³n del Departamento de Trabajo y la aprobacià ³n del Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a de los Estados Unidos (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Es decir, no se trata de que si una persona extranjera desea una de estas visas puede solicitarla en el consulado. En otras palabras, es imprescindible obtener antes un contrato por parte de una empresa estadounidense que es quien obtiene los permisos y quien pone en marcha la tramitacià ³n antes las autoridades. Una vez iniciado este proceso ya se indicar al trabajador extranjero cundo debe presentarse a la embajada o al consulado de los Estados Unidos correspondiente para la entrevista para la visa. Cabe destacar que las empresas estadounidenses, aunque lo quisieran, no pueden contratar a todos los trabajadores estacionales extranjeros para visas H-2B que quieran. Cada aà ±o fiscal puede concederse un mximo anual de 66,000 visas para esta categorà ­a, 33.000 son asignadas en la primera mitad del aà ±o fiscal y las restantes en la segunda. Una vez que se llena el cupo no se pueden emitir ms visas en esta categorà ­a. Las excepciones son los trabajadores contratados por estos visados para trabajar en la industria de las huevas de pescado o aquellos que desempeà ±en servicios en Guam o en las Islas Marianas (territorios de los Estados Unidos en el Pacà ­fico). Sin embargo, las visas H-2A no tienen là ­mite anual y estn entre las que en los à ºltimos aà ±os han visto incrementar ms sus nà ºmeros. Los mexicanos son el 90 por ciento del total de visas emitidas en esta categorà ­a y North Carolina Growers Association y Washington Farm Labor Association son los mayores patrocinadores. Adems, hay el problema de los fraudes tanto en la visa H-2A como en la H-2B. Algunos patrones pagan menos de lo que corresponde. Hay que destacar que los extranjeros con estas visas pagan impuestos y que tienen derecho a cobrar, al menos, el salario mà ­nimo. Otra fuente de problemas son algunas agencias, que pueden ser fraudulentas. Se recomienda verificar las opiniones y experiencias de otros trabajadores con la misma visa y en el caso de Mà ©xico checar este listado de ms de 60 reclutadores  para visas H-2A y H-2B. En algunos casos la organizacià ³n sin fin de lucro Contratados es una buena fuente para verificar si una agencia o reclutador cumple lo que promete. Puntos Clave: paà ­ses visas H-2A y H-2B Las visas H-2A permiten trabajar temporalmente en agricultura en EE.UU.Las visas H-2B permiten trabajar temporalmente en trabajos no agrà ­colas en EE.UU. Hay un là ­mite anual de 66.000 visas que pueden ser emitidas para esta categorà ­a.Nà ºmero de paà ­ses cuyos nacionales pueden obtener una H-2A: 84Nà ºmero de paà ­ses cuyos nacionales pueden obtener una H-2B:81Paà ­ses hispanohablantes que pueden optar a la H-2A: Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Espaà ±a, Guatemala, Honduras, Mà ©xico, Nicaragua, Panam, Paraguay, Perà º, Repà ºblica Dominicana y Perà º.Paà ­ses hispanohablantes que pueden optar a la H-2B: los mismos que en el listado anterior excepto Paraguay y Repà ºblica Dominicana.Requisito indispensable: que una empresa estadounidense inicie el proceso de los papeles directamente o a travà ©s de una agencia o reclutador. En ningà ºn caso el trabajador puede iniciar los trmites. Este artà ­culo es sà ³lo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

Personal Ethical Statement Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personal Ethical Statement - Assignment Example My blind spot, according to the inventory, is the belief that my motives will always justify the methods. Most of the time I fail when it comes to accountability; I have always placed my demands and needs first and I do not care explaining to those who depend on me so long as my needs are satisfied. In addition, sometimes I become complacent and leave many problems unsolved intentionally. People around me always get upset because I always focus on my own motives and ignore the obvious problems around us. My strength lies balancing my entrepreneurship with my responsibilities. I strongly value autonomy since I am self-reliant and accountable to my community. Thus, I avoid being rigid, stick to the usual duties and attempt to follow my dream whenever I get the slightest opportunity. On the other hand, my weakness is becoming greedy or judgmental in my expectations of others. Thus, I am always quick to criticize and label others unethical whenever my coworkers do not meet their job targets or rather fulfill their responsibilities. My values, as per this inventory are sensible and rational. I am a person with the full potential when it comes to finding solutions to societal problems. Managing a personal business is what I want to pursue because this inventory have taught me how to relate with people, regardless of age, social status, sex or race. I have bigger dreams that would benefit my community but in the meantime, working on my weaknesses is my priority since it will shape who I

Google vs. Yahoo Web Browsers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Google vs. Yahoo Web Browsers - Essay Example Both these web browsers have an enormous portfolio for their users. Lets compare some of the services offered by both these web giants. (Luke, 2005)Yahoo groups are are more popular when compared to google groups mainly because yahoo has been in the market for a longer time. The groups are easily formed and mails are sent either as a digest or individually.Google revolutionized the mailing procedures by introducing huge inbox size which is now upto more that 6 GBs. Yahoo offers a lower limit however news is circulating that an unlimited inbox size for the users is in the works.As mentioned above, Google's point of differentiation is the complex algorithims used in their search engines for local searches, image searches and web searches. Yahoo doesn't have that much fire-power yet it still is a popular choice for some.Yahoo provides street maps and driving directions for US cities only. The Google maps are extremely diverse as they are capable of providing business locations, contact information, and driving directions for big cities of the world.Google's social networking site, Orkut is a popular choice for many Asians and users in Southern America. This popularity has been recently crushed by the vastness of Facebook which has conquered most of the continents. Yahoo's 360* was never popular and it still hasn't caught on as Orkut had. Others There is a list of other services such as online shopping, news, alerts, answers etc. that are available with both Google and Yahoo and not much differences are there in these services. Interface, Design, and Layout When comparing two important website browsers, it is important to compare their interface, design and layout from the evaluation point of view as well as user friendliness point of view. A good website must contain useful content that is simple to comprehend, flexible for use of multiple technologies and consistent with easy navigating capability. (Collins, 2006) Google has a very neat and simple user interface with the front page only containing the search bar and links on the top. On the other hand Yahoo!'s page is jumbled with information, links and lacks focus. Users generally like simple and easy to understand sites and Google's simplified interface means that people of any age and skill will be able to access their site. Advertisements Advertising is necessary for websites especially for websites like Google and Yahoo! that offer free services to their users. This is their main source of revenue. When the website opens up, Google presents only the services without any advertisements. Yahoo lines up its advertisements on the front page which is a nuisance value for the users. As such, it is important to avoid advertisements as much as possible. Advertisements are extremely unpopular with the users as they are completely useless for most people. Even though both Google and Yahoo! are text-based sites, Yahoo's advertisements are a source of user irritation. Consistency Another characteristic of a good web browser website is the consistency in the design. As mentioned above, there are a lot of similar services offered by both Yahoo! and Google. However the design of the services is remarkably different. Like the front page, Google is consistent with the minimum text on the page with just enough to help the user understand and comprehend it. This has the effect of uniformity and consistency, whereas Yahoo! keeps different layouts for each of its services page. Even though each service has a link

Fast Food Nation Fast Essay Example for Free

Fast Food Nation Fast Essay Eric Schlosser is the author who has written about the fast food industry and he presents many of his findings in the book Fast Food Nation. However, his book is not merely an expose of the fast food industry but is even more a consideration of how the fast food industry has shaped and defined American society in America and for other nations as America exports its fast food culture to others. Schlosser describes a great deal of American culture to the fast food mentality, and he finds that globalization is taking the fast food culture around the world at a rapid rate. Schlosser addresses a number of specific issues related to food production and distribution. He connects the social order of a society to the kind of food it eats and the way it eats that food, with American society very much defined by the fast food culture that has developed. Schlosser tends to represent the theory stressing the importance of interdependence among all behavior patterns and institutions within a social system, as can be seen from how he connects fast food to other social processes and institutions. The icon that represents fast food culture for most people is McDonalds, though the fast food culture developed long before the creation of that restaurant chain. Schlosser considers the impact of such fast-food chains but also considers the primacy of the hamburger in the American diet and some of the dangers it poses. McDonalds reliance on hamburger is a questionable item for a steady diet in a more health conscious age, and interferes with local customs and food in different parts of the world. Schlosser addresses this issue from several perspectives, beginning with a consideration of how safe the meat really is, not only on the basis of nutritional value but also on the basis of additives, preservatives, diseases, and even potential radioactivity. Some beef is considered questionable, and much of it makes its way through the USDA to school cafeterias as part of the National School Lunch Program. This is a very damaging charge as the most questionable beef is sent directly to the most vulnerable population, suggesting that protecting the industry is more important to the government than protecting the consumer. The hamburger is connected to a huge industry, which in turn has a vital role in the overall American economy. More than this, the image of the hamburger represents America to many people around the world, and other icons carrying the idea of America is seen in the logos of companies like McDonalds, Kentucky Fried Chicken, and similar companies. A related food item is the potato, for french fries are apart of in hamburger meals. Schlosser makes it clear to the reader that many of the foods he or she eats have been altered, with artificial flavors added even to natural foods like potatoes. French fries are not simply carved out of potatoes and then cookedthey are also laced with food additives of various sorts, including artificial flavoring, to assure that the flavor is uniform and that it comes through after the processing and cooking. Some additives are also used to maintain the color of the product, so that it appears as the color the consumer associates with a given food even if that would not be the natural color if the food were merely cooked and served. Obviously, all this raises questions about how safe the various additives may be and whether this has been as thoroughly investigated as it should have been. Schlosser points out the process involved but does not take a strong stand against such practices. The way fast food is prepared has made much of this secondary industry necessary, and supports the connection between fast food and the social order made by Schlosser. The work environment is also addressed by Schlosser, and much of what he reports is troubling. The dangerous situation in slaughterhouses has long been known. Schlosser finds that the dangers have not diminished a great deal in the processes of raising, slaughtering, processing and distributing meat products in America in spite of inspections and OSHA regulations and other efforts. Pressure on some companies to increase revenues and profits has also meant companies breaking the law and taking chances with the lives of employees and even the public. Also, many of the workers are illegal immigrants, favored because they are willing to take menial jobs for low wages to raise, pick, transport, and process food. The needs of this industry shape a number of social institutions and also have a direct effect on local communities by bringing in people who require more social services than would otherwise be the norm. Throughout, Schlosser shows not only the dangers inherent in the fast food industry itself but also ways in which this industry has altered American society and may alter society around the world. The underlying force involved is profit rather than food value, and this is raising questions/concerns about the values we are exporting. Work Cited Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation. New York: Perennial, 2002.

Teen Obesity: A Public Health Crisis Essay -- junk food, overweight,

Teenage obesity is a major public health crisis nationally and internationally. â€Å"In 2012 the percentage of adolescents aged 12 ­19 years were obese.The increase of teenage obesity in 2010 to 2014 was from 5% to nearly 21% in the United States† (Flegal,2013). Teenage obesity is a serious problem in the United States and needs to be addressed. Causes Teenage obesity is caused by numerous of things such as a person’s lifestyle, eating habits, and environment. No single factor or behavior can cause obesity. When children decide to eat more than they need, their bodies store extra calories in fat cells to use this energy for later. Overtime if this pattern continues and their body does not need this stored energy, they develop more fat cells and may lead to becoming obese (Kaneshiro, 2012). Eating Habits Poor eating habits are one of the factors that can cause a teenager to develop obesity. Parents are also a key factor for a child becoming obese, at home parents tend to buy junk food for their children to eat rather things that they should be eating such as fruits and vegetables. Also parents also tend to have less time to plan and prepare healthier meals, as a result children are consuming more processed and fast foods that are usually less healthy than home cooked meals (Kaneshiro, 2012).If a parent is overweight and has poor diet and exercise habits, the child is likely to adopt the same habits.Up to one out of every five children in the U.S is overweight or obese, and this number is continuing to rise (Benaroch, 2012). The way we eat when we are children may strongly affect our eating behaviors as adults. When we repeat these behaviors over many years, they become habits. These learned habits lead to eating no matter if we are ... .../medlineplus/ ency/patientinstructions/00383.htm Karnik, S.K., & Kanekar, A.K. U.S. National Library of Medicine, (2010). Childhood obesity: a global public health crisis. Retrieved from National center for biotechnology website: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3278864/ Nordquist, C.N. (2010). All about obesity. Medical News Today, Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/obesity/ Obesity in adolescents. (2014). (Doctoral dissertation, University of Rochester) Retrieved from http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/Encyclopedia/Content. aspx?ContentTypeID=90&ContentID=P01627 U.S Department Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, (2012).Overweight and obesity ­causes and consequences Retrieved from CDC website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/causes/index.html Weeks, A.W. (2013). Psychological effects of teen obesity. Live Strong, doi:353259

Prison Reform in the 19th Century

So, every time I re-read a source or try to write, I keep thinking back to what I am actually trying to argue. I've finally figured out my argument: Hawthorne portrayed Hollingsworth as a failure because he did not believe in the prison reform efforts of the time. I came to this through looking at a lot of parallels in my sources, and finding different reasons for why my hypothesis is true. The two types of prison reform in the early 1800s were meant to reform criminals through very strict methods. They were so strict that prisoners were not allowed to communicate at all. I think that the strictness of these systems was too harsh for many people. Also, these systems died out quickly because people started to realize that reforming criminals did not actually prevent crime itself. So, because Hollingsworth's school was never accomplished, Hawthorne is showing how these types of systems will fail. Advocates of prison reform were also very extremist. Like other reforms of the time, prison reform had advocates to only stuck to one idea. For example, people believed that the source of criminal misbehavior was the family. Thus, prison chaplains were brought in to inspire the criminals and be their new family. However, this idea of replacing an entire family with a chaplain was obviously not going to help criminals that much. But, everybody believed that religion was the only way to solve the problem. This extremism is shown through Hollingsworth – he does not want to believe in any other ideas. His failure is a warning against the extremism of prison reformists. One of my sources described how many of the reform movements failed in the early 1800s. Dorothea Dix helped improve insane asylums and hospitals, and was able to cause a vast increase in funds to help these causes. However, even with all the money that asylums got, they were not prevented from class discrimination. Depending on one's race, he/she would receive different treatment, and some would receive it faster than others. Also, many looked down on reform movements in general because they feared that constantly giving help would make criminals dependent on others. Thus, they would not know how to take care of themselves. Transcendentalists saw philanthropy in general as a threat to self-reliance. So, Hawthorne was disoriented with prison reform because the ideas behind the reform only caused more problems – like increasing class divisions and only hurting the poor more.

Résumé Essay

The first thing you will need to do before signing up for a job is writing u p a CV. Overall, a CV should be neat and typed if possible. Most libraries now have public computers, if you do not have your own. It should also be short, usually no more than two sides of A4. It should be positive, stressing achievements and strengths, and make a good impression in a clear and positive way. The basic format for a CV includes: Personal details, including name, address, phone number, email address and possibly any professional social media presence. You no longer need to include your date of birth, owing to age discrimination rules Career history, starting with your most recent job first. Include dates and temporary or voluntary jobs if appropriate. A personal profile which sells yourself and your qualities, tailored towards the job you are applying for Achievements from previous jobs that is relevant Qualifications and training from previous jobs, with the most recent first Interests, if they are relevant and especially if the skills or teamwork concerned are relevant for the job. Any extra information, such as reasons for a career change or reasons for gaps in career history, such as caring duties References, ideally two or more and including a recent employer. Below I shall show you an image of my cv. Finding a job in this day and age to apply for is not hard, in nearly every borough there is a job centre were they will be able to find you a suitable job base on your work information, previous jobs and your qualifications. So when you get a job you will need to be aware of whom you are working for before the interview. Before you go on a job interview, it’s important to find out as much as you can about the company. That way you’ll be prepared both to answer interview questions and to ask the interviewer questions. You will also be able to find out whether the company and the company culture are a good fit for you. Take some time, in advance, to use the Internet to discover as much information as you can about the company. Spend time, as well, tapping into your network to see who you know who can help give you an interview edge over the other candidates. Here’s how to research a company. How to write a Covering Letter: Writing a cover letter often seems like a particularly daunting task. However, if you take it one step at a time, you’ll soon be an expert at writing cover letters to send with your resume. A cover letter typically accompanies each resume you send out. Your cover letter may make the difference between obtaining a job interview and having your resume ignored, so it makes good sense to devote the necessary time and effort to writing effective cover letters. A cover letter should complement, not duplicate, your resume. Its purpose is to interpret the data-oriented, factual resume and add a personal touch. A cover letter is often your earliest written contact with a potential employer, creating a critical first impression.

Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Example

Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Example Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Case Study Of An Abusive Parental Relationship Social Work Essay Essay Abstraction: Child maltreatment and disregard are common societal issues in differing grades are prevailing in all states of the universe. This paper will discourse the instance of Child L who is in an abused relationship with her female parent. The paper will besides concentrate on the issues faced by her female parent as a individual black parent with unstable fiscal and emotional history. It deals with the appraisal of the state of affairs with mention to the facts as presented in this instance survey and negotiations about intercession schemes to develop a attention program for Child L. Attention has been paid to interact with Child L and prosecute her in direct communicating maintaining in head anti-discriminatory patterns. Justification for intercessions suggested has been included wheresoever necessary. Introduction: Until every bit late as a few decennaries ago, adult females s and kids s issues were non given due consideration. Womans were normally blamed for their impotence to look after their kids and guard them from domestic force. This was chiefly because they were unable to walk out of their opprobrious relationships with their hubbies due to social force per unit areas and non holding independent agencies of income ( Humphreys A ; Stanley 2006 ) . Thingss have changed but somewhat and individual parenting has become more common. However, there is demand to back up individual parents and supply them developing in good parenting accomplishments for them to be able to raise their kids in a healthy environment. Socialization of kids Begins in the household, peculiarly, with the parents. Children learn to organize attitudes that determine how good they will be adjusted as grownups in society. They learn life accomplishments, relationships, struggle declaration accomplishments, and communicating by emulating their parents or other socialising agents. Hence, it is non plenty to fault opprobrious parents for their bad parenting but support by manner of preparation, reding, advice demands to be provided to them so that they can larn to be good parents. When all attempts in back uping opprobrious parents fail to convey about any appreciable alteration in the parents attitude or behaviour other intercession schemes like arrangements in surrogate places need to be considered. The kid s protection and wellbeing is in the balance here. Facts of the instance: Capable, Child L is a 2 twelvemonth old black miss Subject does non travel to any babys room or play school Mother does non take her to the infirmary or to see any physicians Subject does non hold a male parent Subject has an opprobrious female parent Mother suffers from personality upset Capable under kid protection program Mother does non adhere to the kid protection program Mother has history of force and strong beliefs Mother was besides a looked after kid Mother is a school drop-out at 14 Mother does non hold a lasting occupation Comprehensive appraisals of hazards that Child L is exposed to: Child L is isolated from the community as she does non travel to play school and does non hold any societal interactions with people other than her opprobrious female parent. The kid needs to interact with others because societal interactions create consciousness and helps to construct assurance ; self -esteem and a positive attitude towards social values, cultural criterions and the willingness to accept authorization of others and portion duties. The kid is an baby and is likely non able to pass on efficaciously with others or show her anxiousnesss and emphasis. Parents need to pass quality clip with their kids to understand their demands and desires. Talking to kids and listening to them is a good manner of disbursement quality clip and holding a good parent-child relationship. This helps kids to hold positive ego regard and develop a healthy regard for others every bit good. Mother is unable to supply a stable place for the kid and the 7th floor bedsit adjustment is non contributing to proper kid development. Populating conditions have an of import impact on wellness and development of kids. The hazard to proper kid development is higher in low income places ( Ross and Roberts 1999 ) . However, household income is non the lone determiner of a kid s proper growing and development. Mother is non mentally or emotionally stable and has strong beliefs for aggression and force. Research shows that female parents who are verbally aggressive with their kids were found to be commanding and gave waies even for their drama activities ( Wiley-Blackwell 2008 ) . They demonstrated a inclination to keep their kids by catching their carpuss or shoulders. It was besides found that kids with verbally aggressive female parents refused to accept their uses and orders, though their opposition was frequently weak, short lived and indirect. It is of import to retrieve that a parent s verbally aggressive behavior might damage the ego assurance and ego regard of the kid doing the kid to hold behaviour upset in ulterior life ( Dwivedi A ; Harper 2004 ) . Child L does non hold any one to step in on her behalf in the event of her female parent mistreating her physically. The scene described in the instance survey when the female parent asks her girl to make off is unfortunate. This scene took topographic point in a public topographic point, viz. the GP s chamber. This is an illustration of the verbal aggression that Child L is exposed to with no 1 to step in on her behalf. Physical and emotional maltreatments of this nature go on with many kids in our society. Children are subjected to menaces, bids, loud angry words, accusals and words full of misgiving directed towards them all the clip. Mother s behavior has been termed as unpredictable non suited for healthy parent-child interactions. Parent behavior has a deep impact on kids s emotional growing. The unpredictable nature of Child L s female parent can do her anxiousness and apprehensiveness. The kid will turn up experiencing confused by her female parent s effusions and jump laid-back behavior. This will impact her ego assurance and her trust in other grownups and she will non cognize how to emotionally cover with different state of affairss. Mother does non hold a support system and has really few friends or household members. As such she does non acquire much aid in raising her girl entirely and she is impatient with her because she is over-worked and tired. In such instances the kids are left reasonably much by themselves and make non hold much supervising or monitoring. The impact of being left unsupervised and unmonitored can hold negative deductions on immature kids, particularly from hapless households. Mother does non hold a steady agency of gaining with practically no instruction and does non hold a steady paid occupation. Surveies have showed that kids of employed female parents tend to be better adjusted socially and make better in faculty members. Daughters of employed female parents are more positive and less diffident. Children with employed female parents besides fit into leading functions rather comfortably. For hapless or working category people a female parent s employment position is of import as that has a direct connexion with the female parent s sense of good being ( Hoffman 1998 ) . Mother has a history of violent behavior and the kid is at hazard of maltreatment. Case of her verbal aggression towards the kid has been noted. When a kid is witness to violent behavior at such a immature age as Child L, the feeling tends to be really deep and she may transport the cicatrixs of this fright throughout her life. Her religion in her female parent will be shaken as she knows her female parent to be her lone attention giver. In such instances kids find it difficult to hold healthy fond regards with parents, siblings or friends. Such kids may develop depression and anxiousness upsets in maturity. The kid does non hold proper medical attending as the female parent does non let her to interact with societal workers or physicians. This may be a unsafe tendency as all kids must hold medical check-ups to find healthy growing. In instance of abused kids, like Child L in this instance, it is of import for a medical practician to analyze her for physical hurt that may hold been inflicted on her by her unstable female parent. The advice of the physician or wellness practician is besides valuable in finding whether the kid needs psychological aid every bit good. Child L is lonely and this manifests itself in her reluctance to travel off with her female parent from the surgery where she is inclined to remain and play with the wellness practician. Isolation and solitariness merely add to the load of being abused by one s intemperate parents. Child L is isolated and does non hold many relations or friends to pass on with and organize healthy fond regards. This will increase her injury and consequence in hapless people accomplishments in big life. The kid belongs to an cultural minority group and is at hazard of confronting prejudiced behavior from others in the community. Black African adult females face racial favoritism, subjugation and demoralisation even today. However, anti-discriminatory patterns need to be implemented and the societal attention worker needs to be good trained in understanding diverseness and in acquiring appropriate and timely wellness attention for Child L ( Malek A ; Joughin 2004 ) . Under the fortunes it is really hard to supervise the kid s status. It is hard to make the kid as the female parent is non inclined to let her girl to socialise and be friendly. The societal attention worker assigned to care for Child L needs to be able to extenuate the female parent s ill will ( Falkov, Diggins A ; Mayes 1998 ) and have entree to the kid at all times to be able to forestall her being abused. Monitoring Child L s physical and emotional status is besides of import as that will let the societal attention practician to measure the kid s current demands and supply intercession when necessary. Since the female parent was besides raised in a Foster place she may non cognize how to get by with her kid s emotional demands. Research shows that rather frequently parents who had been abused as kids grow up to be opprobrious parents as they emulate the behavior they had been exposed at a bomber witting degree. As they were neer given the chance to hold responsible and caring parents they themselves do non develop good parenting accomplishments ( Saisan, Smith A ; Segal 2010 ) . Though the hazard factors present in Child L s instance are many, it may be helpful to advert here that non all kids respond to the same hazards and their causal factors in the same ways. There is no specific hazard aspect that can be associated specifically with mental, emotional or physical jeopardy for a kid ( Nemours 2006 ) . Different hazard factors can impact different kids otherwise and kids may exhibit different symptoms after being exposed to the same hazard. The symptoms Child L demonstrates should be noted and so program for appropriate intercessions should be developed. Child L s Needs, Safeguarding and Interventions: The Child Protection Plan is a agency to assist households and professional societal attention workers to interact and be able to set up the guidelines for parents to better safeguard their kid s involvements. The keys points of a kid protection program ( Haringey s LSCB ) entails that the kid is to be kept in a safe and unafraid environment, the kid s public assistance has to be of first importance and the household should have the support they need to raise their kids in safety. Protection against witnessing violence- Witnessing force can be a terrific experience for immature kids and can do emotional injury. The female parent needs to protect her kid and non be the cause of her hurt. Child L needs to be kept under kid protection program to safeguard her from being physically abused. The female parent needs to be counselled about her making an highly detrimental environment for her kid by her aggression. Mother s untreated mental and behaviour disorder- Parents who suffer from depression, anxiousness upset, mental instability have problem taking attention of themselves, much less their kids. As is demonstrated in the instance survey Child L s female parent is mentally and emotionally non really balanced hence she is speedy to anger and is aggressive with her girl. Parents who are themselves traumatized and fighting to act usually may look be distant and withdrawn from their kids. Treatment for the female parent is of import as it will intend better attention for Child L. Lack of proper rearing accomplishments. Child L s female parent was a looked after kid herself and likely did non hold the chance to larn good parenting accomplishments. She likely has unrealistic appraisal of her girl s demands and the sum of attention she deserves. The female parent needs to be given rearing categories, support from community support groups and/or reding therapy Sessionss to acquire over her ain jobs and larn good parenting accomplishments. The program should maintain in head the Children Act 1989 s 17 ( 1 ) which says that it is the responsibility of every local authorization to safeguard kids and take attention of their public assistance within their country and supply a scope of services appropriate for kids s demands ( DH ) . Isolation and deficiency of support. As we all know that rearing is non an easy undertaking and people need to pass a batch of clip and attempt to raise a kid, particularly, when the parent is a individual female parent. In this instance survey non merely is the female parent a individual parent, but she has added jobs of non holding fiscal stableness or a support system by manner of friends or household. Child L needs to be protected from being isolated and in order to make that efficaciously, her mother needs to be supported to be emotionally and financially stable. Care must be taken to socialise the kid and her female parent. Safeguarding against maltreatment and disregard. Since Child L is under kid protection program, she should be closely monitored and any marks of maltreatment or disregard must be reported and taken really earnestly. Repeated maltreatment can hold womb-to-tomb reverberations for the kid and can impact her relationships in future and damage her sense of self-pride. Monitoring closely will besides assist supervise her female parent s behavior which can be remedied by seting her female parent through choler direction programmes or good parenting lessons. Scientific grounds proves that the household, school and community have a big function to play in the physical and mental wellness of persons. Interactions with parents, equals and others in the community impact their behavior beyond their normal familial leanings. Child L, hence, needs to be allowed to pass clip with others in the community to be able to understand a wider scope of behavior forms and be able to larn from them. This will assist her to do right picks as an grownup. Socializing dramas an of import portion in the general growing and good being of a kid. Socializing Teachs a child life accomplishments and peer interactions assist set up self-esteem and self assurance. The hazard of Child L being isolated and non allowed to socialise can render her incapable to managing struggles in big life. There are several positive results of socialisation and these fix the kid for an independent and responsible grownup life. Interactions with equals and others in the school, vicinity and community helps the kid to larn how to modulate emotions, think independently and accommodate behavior to accommodate the type of interaction ( Berns 2010 ) . Research done by the National Institute of Child Health and Development shows that the quality of mother-child interaction, particularly the female parent s sensitiveness to her kid s physical and emotional demands was more of import than whether or non the female parent was employed as it determined the sense of security a kid experienced, of fond regard and love from the female parent. The female parent s employment position has little bearing on the kid s behaviors but may be impacted if the female parent is negative or insensitive to the kid s demands. Safety of the kid comes foremost and the instance should be handled by professionals. Alternatively of concentrating on single instance by instance footing statute law is passed as a wide spectrum step to control the addition in incidents of kid maltreatment. However, since the kineticss of kid maltreatment can be varied people need to describe kid maltreatment and acquire aid from professionals ( Gil 1971 ) . The kid should be protected against repeats of maltreatment and alternate solutions must be considered, for illustration, seting kid under protection program where the kid is monitored by professionals on a regular basis or be put in Foster places where proper attention will be given to the kid. Professional intercession in the signifier of direct communicating with the kid should be done by societal attention givers. While interacting with the kid, the societal work practician must guarantee that the kid feels reassured and relaxed. Since Child L is about an baby the societal worker demands to be really unagitated and friendly. S/he needs to reassure the kid that the female parent s aggressive and dismissive behavior towards the kid is non the kid s mistake. There is nil incorrect with her and she is merely every bit loveable as any other 2 twelvemonth old. Deriving the assurance of the kid should be the primary aim so that the kid feels free to come to the societal worker if she needs aid. Social worker must maintain in head that the kid has limited linguistic communication and can non rather explicate what she experiences. Observation is more of import than question ( Saisan, Smith A ; Segal 2010 ) . Child Protection Plan Data has to be collected at different degrees with trying from all strata of society, while concentrating more on lower income households. Social attention professionals need to be trained to place ( Beckett 2007 ) and classify kids who are victims or at hazard of kid maltreatment. Monitoring and describing at all community degrees must be ensured. Parents need to be monitored to look into if they are having their basic rights and support from the authorities. A unit of ammunition the clock response system has to be put in topographic point to have and cover suitably with ailments from abused kids or anyone coverage maltreatment. A bar program needs to be implemented to forestall kids from being abused farther. Every Child Matters is a programme that helps to progress positive results for kids, immature grownups and households. It is an instrument of alteration and a tool to implement the Government s policy of simple reforms for kids and guidelines for safeguarding their well being. In this instance survey, as Child L is but an baby, the societal attention practician must affect the female parent in this programme to be effectual in this single instance. Every Child Matters draws its inspiration from the model provided by the Children s Act 2004. The four key facets of the legal model are given below ( Fraser 2007 ) : Children must be engaged in positive activities to convey about an attitudinal alteration. This can be streamlined by prosecuting experts in communicating who will be able to supply the right motive and take barriers to larning. Young people must be encouraged and motivated to fall in and volunteer for community service. Making consciousness for immature people to do the right picks about their ain lives. Support should be based on single footing depending on the demands of the kid. Community groups need to be organized at different degrees to work on kid and household issues. Volunteers and societal workers need to be able to supply counsel and reding for abused kids and their household members. A organic structure should be set up to organize the work. Social plans should be introduced to raise public consciousness on this issue and advise people on human and child rights to forestall kids from being exploited and abused. Social workers squad must be multi-disciplinary and be trained to place victims that need immediate safety and protection and be able to form for their guardianship. Social workers should transport out place visits and on the topographic point review and co-ordinate with kid protection bureaus. Government and community societal work bureaus are making a just sum of work in this field. We need to incorporate the attempt made by these bureaus by forming life accomplishments preparation ( Maennantharat 2010 ) , self protection preparation, and raise consciousness about domestic force, particularly amongst minority subdivisions of the community. A nucleus group of professionals from multidisciplinary Fieldss, including members of the community mental wellness squad, will hold to be involved in developing the program farther. The program needs to include a continual appraisal of the state of affairs and look into for attachment with the kid protection program and besides include countries of concern as listed below ( Haringey s LSCB ) : Indentifying and turn toing the root causes that may harm the kid. Bing able to make a agenda that will hold clip edge activities for the societal attention givers and household members to halt the agonies of the kid. Specific undertakings that target short term and long term kid focused results with deadlines and effects for non being able to run into the mark. A day-to-day monitoring undertaking for societal workers for single kids to look into the safety of the kids on a daily footing. A eventuality program has to be set up if the kid protection program fails in presenting the needed results. A regular reviewing system for the kid protection program has to be set up to look into for efficaciousness. If the parent fails to adhere to the kid protection program as in the instance survey and the kid is exposed to important injury, attention proceedings have to be started in a household tribunal ( Family Justice Council 2010 ) . The local governments in coaction with societal attention workers will seek to work out the necessary alterations required of the household before affecting tribunal proceedings. A full appraisal is required with proviso of services mentioned in the kid protection program. The parents, in this instance the female parent of Child L, should reach a specializer kid attention jurisprudence canvasser in instance the instance needs to be presented before a tribunal. Legal assistance strategy is available to parents free of cost for their legal representation. Family group conferences should be organized that will include the wider household and community support groups to promote the female parent to get at a solution. A defender has to be appointed till a determin ation is taken to let the parent or relatives detention of the kid or the kid to be put in Foster attention. Decision It is of import to be familiar with cognition and consciousness of normal household interactions and kid development procedure to be able to place kids who receive inappropriate and less attention. It will besides assist the societal worker to measure a kid s state of affairs and understand whether the kid is at hazard of disregard or maltreatment. A thorough and logical appraisal of the instance will assist to implement plans that prevent child maltreatment and disregard. It will be utile in measuring a kid s current demands and whether these demands are being met. In the event of the kid holding to be placed in a Foster place it will assist to custom-make arrangements based on a kid s single demands ( AAP Policy 2000 ) .

Etymons and Lemmas

Etymons and Lemmas Etymons and Lemmas Etymons and Lemmas By Maeve Maddox If you understand the meaning of etymon and lemma in the two following statements, you may want to skip this post: Papyrus is the etymon of paper. An etymological dictionary gives the etymons or etymologies of its lemmas. An etymon is the antecedent form of a word. It’s the word or any of the separate words from which another word has developed historically by borrowing, derivation, compounding, or in any other way. For example, the etymon of the English word etymon is the Greek word etymos, â€Å"true.† Etymos in turn is the etymon of Greek à ©tumon, â€Å"the true sense of a word according to its origin.† In modern usage, etymology refers to the branch of linguistics that deals with determining the origin of words and the historical development of their form and meanings. For the ancients, the etymology or â€Å"true meaning† of a word might be found in its shape, sound, or superficial resemblance to another word. For example, one Christian commentator (writing in Latin) explained the â€Å"true† meaning of the Latin word for death (mors) by connecting it with the Latin word for bite (morsus). According to the biblical account, death entered the world when Eve took a bite out of the forbidden fruit. Ergo, the â€Å"true† meaning of death is rooted in the disobedient act described in Genesis. Modern lexicographers determine the origin of a word by looking for evidence based on sound shifts, spellings, and cognates between languages. The plural of etymon is either etymons or etyma. Lemma derives from a Greek verb meaning â€Å"to take.† The first definition given in the OED is in the context of mathematics: â€Å"proposition assumed or demonstrated which is subsidiary to some other.† In the context of literature, a lemma is defined as â€Å"the argument or subject of a literary composition, prefixed as a heading or title; also, a motto appended to a picture.† The first OED citation of lemma in the context of lexicography is dated 1951. The definition for this use of lemma is â€Å"a lexical item as it is presented, usually, in a standardized form, in a dictionary entry.† If you look up a word in the online Merriam-Webster Unabridged, you will find the word printed in large red letters. That large red word is the lemma. The plural of lemma is either lemmas or lemmata. Another word for lemma in the context of a dictionary entry is definiendum. Like the lemma, the definiendum is the word that heads the entry in a dictionary. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?Story Writing 10140 Words Beginning with "Para-"

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example In today’s world, most wives are much educated and employed. So surely while deciding on the attributes of TV sets, the husband and wives would have more equal dominating power. The sex-role structure orientation would leave the women with more dominating power than the men in the family. The family life cycle would have an affect on the dynamics of decision making. In the young married stage the decision would be dominated equally by the wives and husbands. In the later stages husbands are supposed to be more dominated. A TV advertiser would could make an advertisement for a high end expensive TV to attract more men than women. As per the opinion leadership theory, an opinion leader is the person who is quite accustomed to media and advertisement. He tends to interpret the meaning of those advertisements to the lower end users of the same. An opinion leader, mostly, is an expertise in a particular field. Sometimes viewers are more inclined to get influenced by the opinion lea ders as they believe that they know more than the consumers. In such a case companies use such leaders in the advertisements.

Kurdistan workers party Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kurdistan workers party - Research Paper Example It is significant to note that the focal operation of the Kurdistan Worker Party is in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, and Turkey. Further, the PKK has strong financial support and huge propaganda operations in some European countries, and it mostly relies on violent and bloody crime for financing. The group started out in the beginning of the 1970’s in Ankara comprising mainly of students. By 19978, the PKK had begun establishing a strong base since it targeted people from the Kurdish group. Days later, the group was named the Kurdistan Workers Party. It believed in a Marxist-Leninism ideology and it frequently engaged in violent and bloody conflicts as a part of its political operation in Turkey. The PKK holds that it is its role and responsibility in changing the lives of the Kurdish race in Southern Turkey. Therefore, its focus is to represent their ambitions and thoughts. The Marxist-Leninism propels the group to launch irresponsible struggle against people it calls the bourge ois (Anil, 2010). The Kurdish Workers Party (PKK) has been linked to numerous attacks and bombings. For instance, PPK was accused of attacking and bombing of the Turkish embassy in Strasbourg. They collaborated with the ASALA (Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia), an Armenian radical group to launch the attack. In 1984, the organization took another structural formation. They changed into a paramilitary group. They used France as their base setting up training camps in different parts of France. All through to the late 1980’s, the organization became very dangerous as it continued to launch numerous terrorist activities. For instance, the extremist group attacked state institutions, military bases, and government agencies. Some of these were linked to the Anatolia project that was taking place in the Southern part of Turkey (Marcus, 2009). The organization further expanded their activities in multiple countries in the Middle East and Europe, especially France a nd Germany. This expansion made them to become less and less centralized and past containment. The radical grouped continued to inflict pain and suffering to the civilian through its attacks and bombings. For instance, the group is known to be responsible for the frequent attacks and bombings on civilian and military targets in countries such as Turkey, Iraq, Belgium, and France. In the mid 1990’s, Syria started from the radical group. This was because of a transformation of tactics in the PKK’s operations in that it had began using suicide attacks on innocent civilians. As an inevitable eventuality, it started losing the edge in its operations. Further, the group used women to launch these attacks something that Syria was not happy with. The groups’ founder Abdullah Ocalan, was captured in 1999 and was sentenced to death. However, this sentence was reduced to life imprisonment. Without its leader, the group somewhat lost direction and posed less security threat s to the people. This gave Turkish government initiative to bring down the group (Marcus, 2009). In 2004, the European Union named the group as a terrorist organization. The hit against the organization heightened later that year when the United States treasury froze resources of branches of the group claiming that it was propagating terrorism activities. The group retreated to the Iraqi mountains and formed base there, with

Network Architectures and Operating System implications within Well Essay

Network Architectures and Operating System implications within Well People NHS Trust - Essay Example Computers are dominant tools that assist users to store and carry out functions on huge amounts of data swiftly. Networks are basically a collection of computers linked by cable or other media as a result they can contribute to information and resources with each other (Nash, 2000). This research presents the analysis of the network architectures and operating system implications within Well People NHS Trust. This research presents a detailed analysis of the implementation of the network technology for the establishment of the communication and data transfer facility among distant WP hospitals and division of the Well People NHS Trust (WP). The implementation of new technology in this era has completely transformed the way of communication and information handling. At the present time, we have better ways of business handling and management. This research is about the incorporation of the network, state-of-the-art communication and communication technology into the health and public welfare sector. This report will streamline the implementation of the databases, communication, network and computer based management technology for the Well People NHS Trust. This project is initiated by the Well People NHS Trust (WP) that runs the business of the supplying of healthcare to a large population who live in a geographical area of some 60 square miles. The Well People NHS Trust is basically the main provider of the health care facilities in the area. The Well People NHS Trust has responsibility of two hospitals and twelve doctors’ surgeries. Each surgery is staffed by several GP’s together with other healthcare specialists. Well People NHS Trust has initiated this project for the establishment of the better facilities of the healthcare and treatment of people in the area. This project is aimed at providing a collaborative working environment to the public health. This will also help for the

Impact of the Ageing Workforce

Impact of the Ageing Workforce Prior to the passage of the Social Security Act in 1935 work did not typically end with a planned retirement. Average retirement (meaning the age at which 1/2 of workers from an initial age cohort remain in the workplace) was age 70 or more for men. After World War II there was a need to open the workplace to growing numbers of unemployed younger workers, particularly veterans. Also retirement leisure was becoming a symbol of success. Social security and private pension policies were designed to encourage earlier departures from work. In 1961, for example, Congress lowered the age men were eligible for unreduced Social Security benefits from 65 to 62. Average retirement dropped from age 70 in 1950 to age 65 in 1970 with age 62 becoming the norm by 1985 [Quinn, 2002; Cahill et al., 2005]. Despite this long trend toward earlier retirement since the 1940s, the 78 million baby boomers born between 1946 and 1964 comprise such a large group that there are more workers in their fifties and sixties on the job than ever before. As they leave the workforce, whether at age 55, 62, 65 or later, there will also be more retirees than ever before. To complete the picture, as these baby boomers age at work and then leave for retirement, they are followed by a substantially smaller younger generation, the baby bust of 1965–1976. The enormous economic and labor market consequences of this demographic transformation are becoming clear. In the State of Washington, for example, 29% of employed workers were 45 or older in 1995. This had grown to 39% by 2005 [Kaglic, 2005]. This growth is not being matched by younger workers. By 2015 there will be 115,000 more 60- to 64-year olds and 30,000 fewer 40- to 44-year olds in the Washington State labor force (those who are either employed or seeking employment) than there were in 2005 [Bailey,2006]. As these older workers move into retirement the direct impact will be a tighter labor market and a shortage of various skills. According to the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers by 2010 as many as 60% of today’s experienced utility workers will retire. Similarly, the average age of hospital caregivers today is about 45, with 70% of the hospital workforce eligible to retire over the next 20–25 years [Briley and Hutson, 2002]. The indirect, but equally profound, impact of the demographic changes will be economic. The integrity of our federal social security system has depended upon the labor and income of large numbers of young workers supporting the retirement needs of smaller numbers of disabled and retired workers and their dependents. In 2005 for every person 65 and older there were five people aged 20– 64 (i.e., an old age dependency ratio of 20%). The Social Security Administration e stimates that by 2080 this ratio will more than double, to more than 40%, with only 2.5 younger people for every older one. Not only will the number of retirees grow, but their life expectancy and associated duration of retirement is increasing as well. While private pension systems are theoretically fully funded at the time the commitment is made to provide the future benefit, in fact this is often not fully realized. Underfunded pension programs in both the private and public sectors are now common, the federal assurance program for these pensions is not robust, and these pensions may also be jeopardized by these changing demographics. Although the impact of the growing dependent older population will be somewhat mitigated by lower fertility rates which reduce the numbers of the very young who are also dependent on the working age population [Burtless, 2005], this will not offset the profound economic consequences of the demographic trends. As these trends progress—more old er workers moving toward retirement with fewer younger replacements— substantial pressure on our social security and pension funds will accompany the anticipated shortages of labor and skills. Public and private employment policies will almost certainly evolve to encourage workers to stay on the job longer. Other factors creating incentives to stay at work longer include the need for private health insurance until at least the age of 65 in the face of relentlessly rising health care costs and the increasing uncertainty about pension benefits that comes with the trend from defined benefit private pension plans shift toward defined contribution programs. Some of the expected policy changes are already evident, including the 1978 and 1986 amendments to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 [ADEA, 1967] which have largely eliminated mandatory retirement ages, the gradual increase in the age for full social security benefits from 65 to 67, and a relaxation of the social security retirement earnings test so that workers can stay on the job longer without a loss of benefits. The Pension Protection Act of 2006 has made it easier for senior employees to phase their retirement plans by starting to draw pension income without penalty while they continue to work full or part time past age 62 [PPA, 2006]. These changes are probably not enough. Business Week magazine, for example, predicts that social security’s normal retirement age will incrementally rise to 70 [Coy and Brady,2005]. This, however, is not certain since along with predictable political opposition many actuaries assume that raising the retirement age would result in an increasing number of older people applying for Social Security disability benefits, thus offsetting the possible savings from the raised retirement age. The impact of these developments is already apparent. While the labor force participation rate among 65-year-old men dropped from 70% in 1940 to only 32% in 1985 [National Research Council, 2004] this trend shows signs of reversing as the incentives for early retirement are beginning to soften. From 1985 to 2004 the labor force participation rate of 25- to 54-year olds stayed essentially stable (à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uctuating between 82% and 84%) while the rate among 55- to 64-year olds increased consist ently from 54% to 62% [Toossi, 2005]. This trend is likely to continue, as signaled by a May, 2005 Gallup survey showing that the percent of people planning to put off retirement until after age 62 had risen from 35% in 1998 to 55% in 2004. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that the percent of older workers staying on the job will continue to rise at least through 2014, even without major changes in social policy such as further increases in full social security retirement age. The impacts of age on cognitive function are more complicated. Some mental processes such as those requiring spatial abilities, problem solving, and processing of complex stimuli are especially age sensitive. Cross sectional data sets suggest declines in these domains beginning as early as 20–30 years old, while the onset is a bit later for longitudinal studies. Performing multiple simultaneous tasks or holding multiple items in working memory are examples of these age dependent processes. Psy chologists distinguish these ‘‘fluid’’ functions which involve processing input at the time of performance from other ‘‘crystallized’’ cognitive functions which are the cumulative results of earlier processing and are better preserved with age. The ‘‘crystallized’’ knowledge of word meaning or the ability to retrieve familiar information, for example, is relatively age stable. In addition to these crystallized semantic skills, memory for procedural skills such as typing, which relies on early learning, is also relatively well maintained with age [National Research Council, 2004]. The ability to work successfully with increasing age is thus the integrated result of many factors. For example, older typists have been shown to have slower tapping rates and reaction times, but are able to compensate for declining motor speed by using experience to scan characters further in advance than younger, less experience d typists [Salthouse, 1984; Bosman, 1993, 1994]. Similarly, despite significant age-related declines in the cognitive ability to recall short musical melodies, at every age those with musical experience and skills tend to maintain their advantage in musical memory over those with less experience and skill [Meinz and Salthouse, 1998; Meinz, 2000]. Based on a comprehensive review Salthouse [2006] has concluded that while many types of cognitive and physical performance are improved at all ages with training and practice, this does not appear to change the rate at which capability declines with age. In other words training, practice and experience can enhance performance at older ages and can often result in older workers outperforming younger ones, despite the fact that age-related declines continue at the same rate as they do in workers with less experience and practice. Laà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡amme and Menckel [1995] have summarized these relationships in a study of work injuries by noting that skills and experience can compensate for age-related physical and cognitive declines only when the job demands remain lower than overall work capacity and that this compensation is not feasible when work organization and working methods are rigid. Several recommendations have been made for the implementation of practical programs consistent with the evidence summarized above. Four strategic dimensions have been suggested, including interventions that focus on the work environment, the way work and retirement are arranged and organized, the health and fitness of the individual worker, and the social context of work [Moyers and Coleman, 2004; National Research Council, 2004]. We are beginning to experience profound work place changes related to the demographic changes of an aging population. Those who do encourage older employees to remain at work but fail to take steps to support their productive capacities and minimize their vulnerabilities may experience adverse impacts on qu ality, productivity, workers’ compensation and other insurance costs. On the other hand employers who promote and support the work ability of employees as they age may gain in safety, productivity, competitiveness, and sustainable business practices. There are several possible reasons why employers have been slow to anticipate and meet the needs of an aging workforce. First, some of the actions that that have been suggested— such as phased retirement programs—might require complex changes in pension law, benefits agreements and personnel policies. Second, many employers still harbor false beliefs that older workers are less reliable, less productive, less safe and more expensive than younger ones [Wegman, 1999]. Third, some employers are insuffiently informed about laws governing workplace bias and equal opportunity and are fearful that measures perceived to favor older workers might open them to charges of discrimination. Two recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions should mitigate these fears, but knowledge of them is not widespread [General Dynamics, 2004; Smith, 2005]. In combination these decisions make it clear that while age sometimes does affect an individual’s capacity to do certain types of work, employers may attend to the special needs of older workers without providing equivalent assistance to relatively younger workers. Thus, it is permissible to treat older workers preferentially in comparison to younger workers, but it is not permissible to deny them advantages or privileges extended to younger workers. It is important to note, however, that programs and policies which most effectively meet the needs of an aging workforce are not just programs for older workers but are those starting when workers are young in order to prevent or slow the effects of aging at work. Fourth, while there is strong evidence to support the implementation of some of the interventions discussed in this paper (e.g., ergonomic measures to prevent mu sculoskeletal disorders and clinical preventive services to reduce disability from cancer and cardiovascular disease), the evidentiary is limited and unknown to most employers. Research is needed to determine the effectiveness of the various program designs together with a substantial effort to disseminate results and recommendations to employers and employee organizations References Quinn J. 2002. Changing retirement trends and their impact on elderly entitlement programs. In: Altman SH, Shactman DI, editors. Policies for an aging society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, p 293-315. Kaglic R. 2005. 2005 Washington State Labor Market and Economic Report. Olympia, Washington: Washington State Employment Security Department. Bailey S. 2006. Data projections from Washington State Office of Financial Management, adjusted by Washington State Employment Security Department. Private correspondence. Briley T, Hutson T. 2002. Who will care for you: Washington hospitals face a personnel crisis: Washington State Hospital Association. Burtless G. 2005. Can rich countries afford to grow old? In An Ageing Society. Research Centre on Financial Economics. Portugal: Lisbon. ADEA. 1967. 29 USC section 621 et seq. 1967 as amended by Public Law 95-256 (1978) and Public Law 99-592 (1986). PPA. 2006. Pension Protection Act of 2006 Public Law 109-280 section 905. Coy P, Brady D. 2005. Old. Smart. Productive. Business Week. National Research Council, Committee on the Health and Safety Needs of Older Workers. 2004. Health and safety needs of older workers. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. Toossi M. 2005. Labor force projections to 2014: Retiring boomers. Mon Labor Rev 128:25–44. Salthouse TA. 1984. Effects of age and skill in typing. J Exp Psychol Gen 113(3):345–371. National Research Council, Committee on the Health and Safety Needs of Older Workers. 2004. Health and safety needs of older workers. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. Meinz EJ, Salthouse TA. 1998. The effects of age and experience on memory for visually presented music. J Gerontol B Psychol Soc Sci 53(1):P60–P69. Salthouse TA. 2006. Mental exercise and mental aging: Evaluating the validity of the ‘‘use it or lose it’’ hypothesis. Perspect Psychol Sci 1(1):68–87. Laà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡amme L, Menckel E. 1995. Ageing and occupational accidents: A review of the literature of the past three decades. Saf Sci 21(2):145–161. Moyers P, Coleman S. 2004. Adaptation of the older worker to occupational challenges. Work 22:71–78. Wegman DH. 1999. Older workers. Occup Med 14(3):537–557. General Dynamics Land Systems. 2004. Inc. v. Cline 540 U.S. 581. Smith v. 2005. City of Jackson, Mississippi, 544 U.S. 228.

Essay --

Adham Elnashai United States History During the Civil War and the American Revolution Americans didn’t only have to deal with their national policies, they also had to deal with their international relations with the rest of the countries in the World. The relations with other countries are also known as Foreign Policies. The overseas dimensions reflected onto the Civil War and Revolution Era. In 1861, 11 states seceded from the United States to form the Confederate States of America and over the course of the following four years, America fought to bring the Confederate States back under control. During the Civil War the Confederacy frequently required international support for its cause, often calling upon foreign support on its cotton exports to obtain it. The Union, on the other hand, strove to prevent other nations from recognizing the Confederacy as a legitimate nation and from getting involved in the Civil War. In an attempt to starve the Confederate economy and to cut it off from its international supporters, the Union engaged in a â€Å"blockade of Confederate ports† a move that was of questionable legality in international law. Despite the Confederacy’s significant international commercial bonds, the lack of definitive military victories for the South and the success of Union efforts to link the Confederacy with the institution of slavery finally prevented any of the European powers from officially recognizing or supporting the South. Figure 1 (Blockade Runners of the Civil War) One of Lincoln’s main strategies rested upon an effective blockade of the South's 3,500 miles coastline, embracing a dozen main ports and nearly two hundred bays and maneuverable rivers. This was almost impossible for a nation with only so... ...ement of space to portraying the barbarities. The most renowned U.s. prohibitionist pioneer, Frances Willard of the WCTU, existed in England in 1896; she raised trusts for Armenian displaced people in Britain and America. The United States, through resolutions, in the end chose to work by implication with different countries to secure the privileges of the Christian Armenians, as well as the wellbeing of American lives and property abroad. Protestant teachers gave by and large faultless reports of human rights ill-uses against Armenians. They and the American press, nonetheless, frequently stereotyped the "barbarous and barbarian Turks," inferring that they were racially or religiously inclined to torture and homicide. In toons from the presidential fight, descriptions of Turks reflected and strengthened such biases. Figure 3 (Turks threatening to expel Armenians)